Synthesis and Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in Biosensing and Drug Delivery
Keywords:
Metal-Organic Frameworks, Biosensing, Drug Delivery, MOF Functionalities, Synthesis MethodologiesAbstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile materials with promising applications in various fields owing to their tunable structures, high surface areas, and diverse functionalities. In this review, we delve into the synthesis methodologies and recent advancements in the application of MOFs in biosensing and drug delivery. The synthesis of MOFs involves the coordination of metal ions or clusters with organic ligands, leading to a wide range of structures with tailored properties. Various synthesis approaches including solvothermal, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and mechanochemical methods have been developed to control the size, shape, and pore characteristics of MOFs, thus enabling fine-tuning of their properties for specific applications. In biosensing, MOFs exhibit exceptional performance due to their large surface areas, high porosity, and ability to incorporate functional groups for selective analyte recognition. By immobilizing biomolecules or nanomaterials within MOF matrices, biosensors with enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability have been developed for the detection of biomolecules, pathogens, and environmental pollutants. Moreover, MOFs have shown great potential in drug delivery systems owing to their ability to encapsulate and protect drug molecules, control release kinetics, and target specific sites. The tunable pore sizes and surface chemistries of MOFs enable efficient loading and delivery of various therapeutic agents, including small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, and imaging agents. Additionally, the biocompatibility and degradability of certain MOFs make them attractive candidates for in vivo applications. This review provides insights into the recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives in utilizing MOFs for biosensing and drug delivery applications. With continued advancements in synthesis techniques and a deeper understanding of MOF properties, the integration of MOFs into biomedical technologies holds great promise for addressing critical healthcare challenges and advancing personalized medicine.Downloads
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