Characterization of subsurface geological reservoir for safe carbon dioxide  storage in the mitigation of climate change

Sonny Inichinbia; Godwin O. Emujakporue

doi:10.60787/ijrti.vol3no2.89

PDF

Published: 2026-11-03

DOI: https://doi.org/10.60787/ijrti.vol3no2.89

Keywords:

CO2 storage reservoir, climate change, anthropogenic carbon dioxide, sequestration, porosity

Sonny Inichinbia

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Godwin O. Emujakporue

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

This research work characterized subsurface geological reservoirs for long-term and safe carbon dioxide storage as an exigent feat to fight climate change and its mitigation. The objectives of the study include but are not limited to analyzing seismic and well data to characterize a depleted oil reservoir to determine its suitability as a potential reservoir for CO2 storage and subsequent emplacement of a long-term monitoring, valuation and accounting system to map and observe the position where the CO2 is injected. The reservoir is Eocene sands of the Agbada Formation of the Niger Delta, at depths of 2,702 m–2,745 m across the field, reaching up to 102 m in thickness with large vertical oil columns, with average porosity of 14–24 %, and permeability of 300–2,240 mD, reservoir pressure of 2600 psi as well as temperature of 169 oF. The average oil gravity is 38o API, and cumulative production from the field reached 1.968 bbls in 2012, and daily production peaked at 108,214 b/d in 1984, but dropped to 1064 b/d in 2014 with a 98 % water cut. Results of the analysis of the reservoir properties show that it is a candidate for dedicated storage of CO2 where the injected CO2 could be permanently stored. This research is pivotal for achieving the anticipated reduction of CO2 emissions and fostering a more sustainable future for Nigeria while striving to achieve global climate goals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): October

Section

Articles

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Inichinbia, S., & Emujakporue, G. O. (2026). Characterization of subsurface geological reservoir for safe carbon dioxide storage in the mitigation of climate change. International Journal Of Research And Technopreneurial Innovations, 3(2), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.60787/ijrti.vol3no2.89

References

Ubani, C. E., Ikpaisong, U. S. and Uti, O. S. 2019. Sequestration of CO2 in Depleted Reservoirs: A Case Study of a Niger Delta Field. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science (IRJAES), 4(1), 264-269.

Eigbe, P. A., Ajayi, O. O., Olakoyejo, O. T., Fadipe, O. L., Efe, S. and Adelaja, A. O. 2023. A Review of CO2 Sequestration in Underground Geological Formations: Recent Developments and Potential Opportunities in the Niger Delta. Energy Proceedings, 30(9), 1-10.

Zhou, S. 2024. CCUC: Challenges and opportunities. The Leading Edge, 43(4), 206.

Mkpese, U. U., Emujakporue, G. O. and Sofolabo, A. O. 2024. Reservoir static modelling towards safe CO2 storage in depleted oil reservoirs of ‘CRK’ field, Niger Delta, Nigeria. International Journal ofEnvironment and Climate Change, 14(3), 364-376.

Capello, M. A., Shaughnessy A. and Caslin, E. 2021. The Geophysical Sustainability Atlas: Mapping geophysics to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The Leading Edge, 40(1), 10 – 24. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle40010010.1

Nagireddi, S., Argawal, J. R. and Vedapuri, D. 2024. Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Prospects for Global Decarbonization. American Chemical Society Engineering AU, 4(1), 22-48. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.3c00049

Chukwuocha, I. J., Emujakporue, G. O. and Inichinbia, S. 2025. Analysis of petrophysical properties of depleted reservoirs for carbon dioxide sequestration in Zino field, Niger Delta. Scientia Africana, 24(3), 311 – 322. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sa.v24i3.29

Chukwuocha, I. J., Emujakporue, G. O. and Inichinbia, S. 2025. Lithology evaluation for carbon geosequestration in Zino field, onshore Niger Delta. Scientia Africana, 24(4), 211 – 220. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314sa.v24i4.18

Feron, P. H. M. and Hendriks, C. 2005. CO2 capture process principles and costs. Oil and Gas Science and Technology-Rev. IFP, 60(3), 451-459. doi: 10.2516/ogst:2005027

Ourabah, A. and Chatenay, A. 2022. Unlocking ultra-high-density seismic for CCUS applications by combining nimble nodes and agile source technologies. The Leading Edge, 41(1), 27 – 33. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle41010027.1

Yin, Z., Erdinc, H. T., Gahlot, A. P., Louboutin, M. and Herrmann, F. J. 2023. Derisking geologic carbon storage from high-resolution time-lapse seismic to explainable leakage detection. The Leading Edge, 42(1), 69 – 76. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42010069.1

Umar, B. A., Gholami, R., Nayak, P., Shah, A. A. and Adamu, H. 2020. Regional and Field Assessments of Potentials for Geological Storage of CO2: A case study of the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria. Journal of natural gas science and engineering, 30, 77-89.

MacLennan, K. 2022. Monitoring CO2 storage using well-casing source electromagnetics. The Leading Edge, 41(2), 107 – 113. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle41020107.1

Davies, O. A., Israel-Cookey, C., Uko, E. D. and Alabraba, M. A. 2020. Reservoir Capacity and Injectivity Characterization for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Geo-Sequestration in the Niger Delta. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 5(10), 2454-6194.

Sutherland, F., Lawrence, D., Legrande, P. and Wraith, E. 2022. Seismic monitoring for subsurface uncertainties at the Endurance CO2 store. The Leading Edge, 41(4), 253 – 258. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle41040253.1

Godec, M., Kuuskraa, V., Leeuwen T. V., Melzr, L. S. and Wildgust, N. 2011. CO2 storage in Depleted Oil Fields: The Worldwide Potential for Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery. Energy Procedia 4. 2162 – 2169. doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.102

Pateek, T. K., Vaishali, P., and Debabrata, M. 2023. A comprehensive review on carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education 9(6), 2395-2396.

Yahaya-shiru, M., Igwe, O. and Obafemi, S. 2020. 3D structural and stratigraphic characterization of X field Niger Delta: Implications for CO2 sequestration. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 12, 959 -977

Vita, M., Nundang, B., Ockykarana, R., Nurul, H. and Frista, M. 2025. Comprehensive review of carbon dioxide capture technologies for climate change mitigation. Indonesian journal of Energy, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v8i/.2.11

Ojo, A. C. and Tse, A. C. 2016. Geological characterization of depleted oil and gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration potentials in a field in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 20(1), 45-55.

Inichinbia, S., Sule, P. O., Aminu, A. L., and Hamza, H. 2014. AVO inversion and Lateral prediction of reservoir properties of Amangi hydrocarbon field of the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2(2), 08-17.

Short, K. C. and Stauble, A. J. 1967. Outline of geology of Niger Delta. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 51(5), 761 – 799.

Tuttle, M. L. W., Charpentier, R. R. and M. E. Brownfield, M. E. 1999. The Niger Delta Petroleum System, Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroun and Equatorial Guinea, US Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, United States of America, 6 – 29.

Doust, H. and Omatsola, E. 1990. Niger Delta, divergent/passive margin basins, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir48, 239 – 248.

Pochat, S., Castelltort, S., Van Den Driessche, J., Besnard, K. and Gumiaux, C. 2004. A simple method of determining sand/shale ratios from seismic analysis of growth faults: An example from upper Oligocene to lower Miocene Niger Delta deposits. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 88(10), 1357 – 1367.

Bustin, R. M. 1988. Sedimentology and characteristics of dispersed organic matter in Tertiary Niger Delta: origin of source rocks in a deltaic environment. The American association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 72(3), 277 – 298.

Nwachukwu, J. I. and Chukwura, P. I. 1986. Organic matter of Agbada Formation, Niger Delta, Nigeria, The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 70(1), 48 – 55.

Stacher, P. 1995. Present understanding of the Niger Delta hydrocarbon habitat, (in Tuttle; Tertiary Niger Delta Petroleum System, Niger Delta Province), US Geological Survey Open file report.

Inichinbia, S., Sule, P. O., Aminu, A. L., Hamza, H. and Lawal, K. M. 2014. Petro physical analysis of among hydrocarbon field fluid and lithofacies using Well Log Data. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2(2), 86 – 96.

Inichinbia, S., Sule, P. O., Aminu, A. L., Hamza, H. and Omudu, L. M. 2014b. Fluid and lithology discrimination of Amangi hydrocarbon field of the Niger Delta using Lambda-Mu-Rho technique. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2(2), 1 – 7.

Inichinbia, S., Sule, P. O., Aminu, A. L., and Hamza, H. 2014c. Well-to-seismic tie of Amangi hydrocarbon field of the Niger Delta of Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2(2), 97 – 105.

Inichinbia, S. and Adizua, O. F. (2023). Improve Fault and Reservoir Channel delineation of a Gas Field in the Onshore Niger Delta Basin. International Journal of Geo-informatics and Geological Science (IJGGS) 10(2), 18 - 25. https://doi.org/10.14445/23939206/IJGGS-V10I2P103

Inichinbia, S. and Hamza, H. (2020): Detailed quantitative sequence stratigraphic interpretation for the characterization of Amangi field using seismic data and well logs. Scientia Africana 19(3), 63 – 82. Doi:https//dx.doi.org/10.4314/sa.v19i3.6

Lawson-Jack, O. and Oyanyan, R. O. 2025. Petrophysical evaluation of reservoir sand units in “Hum” field onshore Niger Delta Basin using well log data. Journal of pure and applied sciences, 25(2), 223 – 238.

Pranowo, W. and Herawati. I. 2023. Amplitude preservation and seismic inversion reliability post spectral shaping. The Leading Edge 42(7), 492 – 501. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle42070492.1

Vieira, M. and Domingo, L. A. 2025. Experimental investigation of the carbon dioxide storage potential of the Cunga Formation at Cabo de Sao Braz Region, Kwanza Basin, Angola. Uniport Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research. 15 – 31.

Article Sidebar

Main Article Content